Last decade has witnessed a phenomenal growth in the research pertaining to work life balance wlb. Today, however, work is likely to invade your personal life and maintaining work life balance is no simple task. Work life balance consists of, but it is not limited to, flexible work arrangements that allow employees to carry out other life programs and practices. Pdf provides and overview of the literature on workfamily balance. This paper examines the relationship between work life balance and employees motivation in the public sector of jakarta, indonesia.
Even though a number of studies are available at the global level, the exact theoretical framework is either overlapping or missing in many of them. Investigating the relationship between worklifebalance and. Patricia voydanoff, in handbook of work family integration, 2008. Is entrepreneurship the answer to achieving workfamily balance. Work family balance referred to the degree to which an individual is able to simultaneously balance the temporal demands of both paid work and family. To be effective, a work and family balance policy must take note of. Flexible work schedules and an eye to work life balance are good for business. Work family balance continues to be a burgeoning topic of organizational research, yet, while the various antecedents of work family balance have been identified, researchers have, to date, neglected the effect of congruence versus incongruence with regard to work family integration preferences and the corresponding supplies at work.
However, these theories have not been integrated into a comprehensive theory that can serve as a guide to research on workfamily issues. Promoting workfamily balance through positive psychology. The present research paper is theoretical and descriptive in nature and describes the various work life balance wlb factors, theories. Jun 29, 2018 when your work life and personal life are out of balance, your stress level is likely to soar. There was a time when the boundaries between work and home were fairly clear. Balancing family and work oklahoma state university. Indeed, role balance theory suggests that people seek full and. A study last june by the white house council of economic advisors showed a significant positive relationship between work life balance practices and total factor productivity and recommended that wider adoption of such policies and practices may well benefit. Work life balance is the lack of opposition between work and other life roles. A guidebook for parent support providers this manual was produced by the staff of balancing work and family responsibilities. According to pe fit theory, workfamily balance will increase when organizational integration increases toward an individuals preferences. Three components of workfamily balance were assessed. According to a major canadian study conducted by lowe 2005, 1 in 4 employees experience high levels of conflict between work and family, based on work to family interference and caregiver strain.
However, although work life balance has materialized as a topic of study and stimulus for policy initiatives in higher education, few studies have considered doctoral student work lives. Studying the work life balance, greenhaus, collins and shaw 2002 found that individuals who invested more time and involvement in family and personal leisure activities, rather than work, experienced a more equal work life balance then those who concentrated on work and working patterns outside of work greenhaus, collins and shaw 2002. This study focused on work life balance and employee performance in the nigerian banking industry. However, is work and family balanced if an individual is satisfied and feels effective in both domains but. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors related to work life balance. Some organisations trying to attract and retain their valued employees by implementing and managing wlb programs and policies. To be effective, a work and family balance policy must take note of the organizational and customer needs while respecting individual concerns for the benefit of all stakeholders. White, j 1999 workfamily stage and satisfaction with workfamily balance, journal of comparative family studies 30. Although people dont relate any cognitions to each other to find inconsistencies. Achieving work family life balance is a long and often daunting process.
Worklife balance consists of, but it is not limited to, flexible work arrangements that allow employees to carry out other life programs and practices. Next, this study investigates whether lmx strengthens the positive relationship between work life balance and work engagement. The present study provided a number of insights into the relation between gender, family life cycle and workfamily balance. Imagine that your life is represented by a stove with four burners on it. Jayalakshmy, maluniu, teresa, madison finn2009 how to balance work and family. Work life balance is important because it affects the wellbeing of individuals, families, and communities. Making the link between work life balance practices and organizational performance despite the popularity of work life conflict as a topic of academic and practitioner debate, and the mounting prevalence of work life balance practices a.
It is an important concept in the world of business as it helps to. Work life balance encourages employees to divide their time on the basis on priorities and maintain a balance by devoting time to family, health, vacations etc along with making a career, business travel etc. How well we balance responsibilities with doing things we truly enjoy directly affects our quality of life. Work life conflict and health work family conflict may be viewed as a stressor for individuals. According to the theory, people are daily bordercrossers between the domains of work and family. Industrialorganizational io psychologists are interested primarily in how. Jones kate2006 work life balance more important than money survey. Your two best friends, jenny and gina, are fighting. Keeping these areas in balance will help you reduce stress and have a healthy family. Based on identity theory and research on genderrole socialization. Workfamily balance career development iresearchnet. Only recently has work family balance been conceptualized affirmatively rather than as something that it is not i. The results of this study suggest that different stages of family life cycle make an important difference to employees perceived work family balance.
I have learned through my experience that it is very important to make an effort to provide the yourself opportunity for balance. Implementation of family responsive human resource practices and policies that promote work family balance have become a reality as a way to reduce stress in both environments. However, although worklife balance has materialized as a topic of study and stimulus for policy initiatives in higher education, few studies have considered doctoral student worklives. Work life balance wlb is an important topic of human resource management and has become a top priority for workers everywhere.
According to clayton 2005 and matuska and charles 2009, a positive correlation between work life balance and increased organizational. Further, by uncoupling accomplishment of rolerelated expectations what greenhaus and allen have referred to as effectiveness and satisfaction, researchers can build additional layers of theory 458 advances in developing human resources november 2007. Society affected the work life balance sociology essay. Developments in theories and measures of workfamily relationships. It is our hope that the information presented will help parent support providers respond to the needs of employed parents of children and. This fact sheet provides helpful information on how dualearner and singleparent families can balance the competing needs of both family and work.
Three components of work family balance were as sessed. There are a number of possible reasons for why this is the case. Research on fatherhood has proliferated in recent years, and much of the attention in the work family literature is focused on challenges that women face in seeking to balance work and family responsibilities. I have argued that women entering the workforce after 1970 held a different perspective from their. After all, people need time and energy to participate in family life, democracy, and. In subsequent sections of this article, we discuss the concept and measurement of workfamily balance, propose relations between workfamily balance and quality of life, and report the results of a study designed to examine these relations. Secrets to balancing work and family life lifehack. There is nothing wrong with working hard to gain some of the finer things in life, but you should also not forget the worth of the things and people that really matter most. The theory addresses how domain integration and segmentation, border creation and management, bordercrosser participation, and relationships between bordercrossers and others at work and home influence work family balance. The growing interest in boundary management can be attributed, at least in part, to increasing. When the job is highly desirable, employees will have less bargaining power and lower standard of job satisfaction as well as motivation. Voydanoff 2005 drew on personenvironment fit theory and suggested that workfamily balance is a global assessment that work resources. Worklife balance programs to improve employee performance. By claiming that work family balance is inherently in the eye of the beholder, greenhaus and allen situate balance as a psychological construct.
This article introduces work family border theory a new theory about work family balance. Work and family are considered the primary domains in a persons life. Balancing work and family demands is a critical challenge facing most employees. When your work life and personal life are out of balance, your stress level is likely to soar. One way to think about work life balance is with a concept known as the four burners theory. Compensation theory refers to the efforts intended at countering. The relation between workfamily balance and quality of life. The mediating role of selfefficacy and worklife balance abstract although the direct effects of workfamily enrichment on satisfaction are welldocumented, previous theoretical predictions and empirical findings of the relationship have been inconsistent. Balancing family and work is a challenge for contemporary american families. This second perspective is grounded in theory on role balance and defines work family balance as the extent to which a person is equally engaged in and satisfied with his or her work and family roles.
But basically, a balance between work and family occurs when a person is able to sufficiently meet family commitments and adequately perform responsibilities at work. This second perspective is grounded in theory on role balance and defines workfamily balance as the extent to which a person is equally engaged in and satisfied with his or her work and family. You feel like you are caught in the middle and have to choose between two. Although the idea of worklife balance presents a romantic, hopeful perspective that we can successfully balance the key areas of our livesthe four burners theory suggests the opposite. Pdf work life balance and employee productivity ahmed. Balancing work and family national institutes of health. It finds that although the majority of employers report allowing at least some employees flexibility in their work schedules, there is variation across the workforce. Holmes barbara2010 westpac adding value to its ppl offering. Worklife balance is the lack of opposition between work and other life roles. Each burner symbolizes one major quadrant of your life.
Worklife balance, wlb, wlb theories, concepts in wlb. Boucher, in advances in experimental social psychology, 2017. Workfamily balance an overview sciencedirect topics. Googins 1997 believed that an approach to work and family that includes all parties and shared responsibility will yield better results in both domains than solutions shaped in isolation. The study started by looking at various events or issues that affects the performance of employee most especially in zenith bank nigeria. Theoretical and empirical advancements article pdf available in journal of organizational behavior 305 july 2009 with 1,528 reads how we measure reads. While spillover is a direct relation between work and family, congruence attributes similarity through a third variable, like personality traits, behavioural styles, genetic forces, and sociocultural forces edwards and rothbard, 2000. This is a descriptive research following qualitative inductive method. Work life balance is a method which helps employees of an organization to balance their personal and professional lives. Three major factors contribute to the interest in, and the importance of, serious consideration of work life balance. Research of workfamily balance based on family life cycle. Sector 4, hsr layout, bangalore abstract a good work life balance between work and family domain is a growing concern today. A guidebook for parent support providers synthesizes much of what we have learned.
The theory addresses how domain integration and segmentation, border creation and management, bordercrosser participation, and relationships between border. Pdf developments in theories and measures of workfamily. The main advantage of balance theory is that when we are aware of any inconsistency we may consider that an attitude change is likely to happen. Motivating factors to consider work life balance 3. Schmader and colleagues 2008 integrated process model, which synthesizes earlier work on mediators of stereotype threat, incorporates a balance theory perspective of selfintegrity threat to explain how stereotype threat can trigger a chain of psychological reactions. All these theories depict a similar connotation of balance, i. Michel, mitchelson, kotrba, lebreton, and baltes, 2009. Investigating the relationship between worklifebalance. A toolkit for parent support providers project of the research and training center for pathways to positive futures of portland state university in portland, oregon. Pdf this special issue showcases papers by five authors who provide insights into. Work family balance was defined as the extent to which individuals are equally engaged in and equally satisfied with work and family roles clark, 2000. Border and boundary theory montana state university.
The four burners theory is a realistic reminder that we cant have it all because of the limited time and energy available to us on a daily basis. Kirchmeyer, 2000, defined workfamily balance as the extent to which individuals are equally engaged in and equally satisfied with work and family roles p. Through motivational theories and work life balance theories, the conceptual framework is developed to explore research variables. Mcpherson, mervyl 2007 work life balance, employee engagement and discretionary effort. Work family examination has long been guided by the role stress theory, wherein. The word work life balance is sometimes considered as interwoven with work family conflict. The ability of western theories of worklife balance to be generalised to nonwestern cultures has received recent attention. Here these two dominant theories of work family during the period of the early 20th century until the late 1960s are described. If you do not make the conscious decision to achieve balance, it is likely that you will fail along the way. The interface between the work and family domains of life is studied across psychology subfields e. Only recently has workfamily balance been conceptualized affirmatively rather than as something that it is not i. While much of the extant literature on the topic of work family has traditionally focused on how work and family roles conflict, more recent research has begun to realize that individuals can achieve work life balance and can actually improve their quality of life by participating in both roles. It is the state of equilibrium in which demands of personal life, professional life, and family life are equal.
Making the link between worklife balance practices and. Numerous studies have been conducted on work life balance. The two fundamental theories in work life balance are boundary theory and border theory that researchers have used to study these role conflicts. Today, however, work is likely to invade your personal life and maintaining worklife balance is no simple task. The purpose of the present article is to draw from the psychological literatures concerning positive psychology, leadership, and workfamily balance to provide researchbased instructions for managers to employ to foster workfamily balance. In subsequent sections of this article, we discuss the concept and measurement of work family balance, propose relations between work family balance and quality of life, and report the results of a study designed to examine these relations. Work, family, women, relationship, theories, gender, conflict. The impact of working women on work life balance perspectives abstract this thesis describes the impact of women entering the workforce after 1970 on work life balance issues. The outcome of interest in this theory is work family balance, which refers to satisfaction and good functioning at work and at home, with a minimum of role conflict clark, 2000, p. We examined the relation between workfamily balance and quality of life among professionals employed in public accounting. The purpose of the present article is to draw from the psychological literatures concerning positive psychology, leadership, and work family balance to provide researchbased instructions for managers to employ to foster work family balance.
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